Motor fuel



Patented May 116, 1933 ALPHONS O. JAEGER, OF MOUNT LEBANON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE SELDEN COMPANY, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE MOTOR FUEL No Drawing.

This invention relates to motor fuels and more particularly to motor fuels containing unsaturated constituents, which tend to form gums such as the so-called cracked gasolines.

Cracked gasolines command a premium as motor fuels at the present time owing to their excellent anti-knock qualities. However, they are open to the disadvantage that they form gum and discolor, particularly, when exposed to sunlight. It has been proposed in the past to stabilize unsaturated motor fuels and inhibit or minimize gum formation by the addition of stabilizers, among which, only two have achieved any practical success, namely, anthracene and acid amides of aromatic amines such as acetanilide.

I have found that very effective stabilizers for unsaturated motor fuels are reduced cyclic imides, such as the imidines and hydroxyimidines of the general formula the NH group is substituted by other radicals are also highly effective, for example, the ordinary alkyl phthalimidines and hydroxyphthalimidines, such as, methyl or ethyl phthalimidines can be used as can the aryl derivatives, such as, phenyl or benzyl phthalimidine. Hydroxyalkyl compounds such as methanol or ethanol phthalimidines are likewise effective. Similarly, the imidines and hydroxyimidines of naphthalic 1931. Serial No. 552,798.

Examples of such bases are amines. particu-- larly aromatic amines, aniline, toluidine, and the like.

The invention will be described in greater detail in connection with the following specific examples, which illustrate typical motor fuels falling within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1 2-4 pounds of phthalimidine are mixed with 100 barrels of cracked gasoline to yield a highly stabilized motor fuel of excellent quality.

E wample 2 25 pounds of hydroxyphthalimidine onon CuH \NH o (l are added to 100 barrels of cracked gasoilnel, producing a thoroughly stabilized motor Ewample 3 3-6 pounds naphthalimidine I 'inidine or hydroxynaphthalimidine and .ani =line are=added to 100 barrels of'cracked' gasoline toproduce a stabilized motorfuel.

or hydroxynaphthalimidine are added to barrels of cracked gasoline to obtain a stabilized motor fuel. I I

Ewample 4 3-6 pounds succinimidine,

' are ad'ded't-o 100: barrels] of crackedgaso- 1line to obtainastabilized motor fuel.

Emm zg 5 i i i i i i i o 4-6 pounds ofmethyl or ethyl. phtha 2-5 pounds of ethylphthalimidine are added to 100 barrels of cracked gasoline to produce a stabilized motor fuel.

Example '1" 2-6 pounds of methanol phthalimidine II o are added to 100 barrels of cracked gaso- 1 line to produce a stabilized motor fuel.

, 2-5 pounds of ethanol phthalimidine weavers Ezrample8:wm"

\O/ ll 0 or ethanol hydroxyphthalimidine C-OzlLOH are added to: 100 barrels of cracked gasoline to produce a stabilized motor fuel.

2-5 pounds of phthalimidineor hydroxy. I

In the examples theamountof stabilizers no harm, but it is normally unnecessary to use them in quantities larger than'l%.'

s In the claims the expression cyclic irni-= dine: substance includes not only the 'imidines of polycarboxylic acids, but the 'hy-* drogenated and substitution products of the imidines and hydroxyimidines.

What is claimed as new is:

l. A cracked motor fuel containing a cyclic imidine substance in an amount sufficient to inhibit gum formation.

2. A motor fuel containing unsaturated gum forming constituents and a cyclic imidine substance in an amount sufficient to inhibit gum formation.

3. A cracked motor fuel containing a phthalimidine substance in an amount sufficient to inhibit gum formation.

4. A motor fuel containing unsaturated gum forming constituents and a phthalimidine substance in an amount sufficient to inhibit gum formation.

5. A cracked motor fuel containing phthalimidine in an amount sufficient to inhibit gum formation;

6. A motor fuel containing unsaturated gum forming constituents and hthalimidine in an amount suficient to inhibit gum formation.

7. A cracked motor fuel containin hydroxyphthalimidine in an amount sufllcient to inhibit gum formation.

8. A motor fuel containing unsaturated constituents and oxyphthalimidine in an amount sufficient to inhibit gum formation.

9. A cracked motor fuel containing an N- i phthalimidine and .6 pounds of aniline or toluidine are added to 100 barrelso'f cracked gasoline forminga well stabilized motor fuel.

is a fraction of 1%L'1I1ige'neral, thi'sis saf I i ficient' to obtain satisfactorystabilization; Larger amounts of stabilizers, of course, do

substituted phthalimidine in an amount sufficient to inhibit gum formation.

10. A cracked motor fuel containing an N- substituted hydroxyphthalimidine in an amount suflicient to inhibit gum formation.

11. A cracked motor fuel containing a hydroxyalkyl N-subst-ituted phthalimidine in an amount sufficient to inhibit gum formation.

12. A cracked motor fuel containing a hydroxyalkyl N-substituted hydroxyphthalimidine in an amount sufiicient to inhibit gum formation.

13. A cracked motor fuel containing an 35 aryl phthalimidine in an amount suflicient to inhibitgum formation. v

14. A cracked motor fuel containing an aryl .hydroxyphthalimidine in an amount sufficient .to inhibit gum formation.

15. A motor fuel according to claim 1, in which the amount of the imidine substance does not exceed 1%.

16. A motor fuel according to claim 6, in which the amountof the phthalimidine does not exceed, 1%.

17. A motor fuel according to claim 8, in which the amount of hydroxyphthalimidine does not exceed 1%.

18. A motor fuel according to claim 1, in

which an antacid is present in addition to the imidine substance.

'19. A motor fuel accordingto claim 6, in

Y which an antacid is present in addition to the phthalimidine.

20. A motor fuel according to claim 8, in which an antacid is present in addition to the hydroxyphthalimidine.

21. A cracked motor fuel containing a material selected from a class consisting of phthalimidine, hydroxyphthalimidine, naphthalimidine, hydroxynaphthalimidine, succinimidine, hydroxysuccinimidine, ethylphthalimidin'e, ethylhydroxyphthalimidine, methanolphthalimidine and ethanolphthalimidine, the amount of the imidine substance being sufficient to inhibit gum formation and being approximately within the ratio'of two pounds of imidine substance to 100 barrels of cracked gasoline to- 1% of phthalimidinesub- "stance.

Signed at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, this 22nd day of July,-1931.

' ALPHONS O. JAEGER. 

